| São Bernardo do Campo | |||
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| — Municipality — | |||
| The Municipality of São Bernardo do Campo |
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| Nickname(s): The Automobile Capital | |||
| Motto: Pavlistarvm Terra Mater (Mother Land of the Paulistas) |
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São Bernardo do Campo
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| Coordinates: | |||
| Country | Brazil | ||
| Region | Southeast | ||
| State | São Paulo | ||
| Government | |||
| • Mayor | Luiz Marinho (PT) | ||
| Area | |||
| • Municipality | 407.1 km2 (157.2 sq mi) | ||
| • Land | 331.28 km2 (127.9 sq mi) | ||
| • Water | 75.82 km2 (29.3 sq mi) 18.6% | ||
| • Urban | 118.74 km2 (45.8 sq mi) | ||
| • Metro | 212.54 km2 (82.1 sq mi) | ||
| Elevation | 762 m (2,500 ft) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • Municipality | 765,203 (23th) | ||
| • Density | 1,919.40/km2 (1,883.9/sq mi) | ||
| Time zone | UTC-3 (UTC-3) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | UTC-2 (UTC-2) | ||
| Postal Code | 09600-000 | ||
| Area code(s) | +55 11 | ||
| HDI (2008) | 0.834 – high | ||
| Website | São Bernardo do Campo | ||
São Bernardo do Campo (Portuguese pronunciation: [sɐ̃w beʁˈnaʁdu du ˈkãpu]) is a municipality in the state of São Paulo, in southern Metropolitan São Paulo and São Paulo microregion. The municipality's total area is 408.45 km ² and a population estimated at 1 July 2009, according to the IBGE, was 810,979 inhabitants, which results in a population density of 1,962.5 inhabitants / km ².
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The city was founded by João Ramalho in 1553 and was known as Vila de Santo André da Borda do Campo de Piratininga, soon transferred to another nearby place, safer from hostile tribes. It is, however, historically perceived as the first brazilian settlement built away from the sea. The original settlement was then resettled as São Bernardo, became a parish in 1812 and became a municipality in 1890. In 1938, it became a part of the Santo André district only to be separated again in 1945.
The area where São Bernardo do Campo, Santo André, São Caetano do Sul, and Diadema are located was once a farm owned by Benedictine monks, who owned enslaved Africans. By the second half of the 19th century, European immigrants started to come to the area, mainly from Italy. Italians settled in cottages in the rural area of São Bernardo do Campo that were called colônias. By the beginning of the 20th century, Japanese immigrants arrived, most of them going to the neighborhood called Cooperativa.
Industry, particularly metal works, thrived in the city during the 1960s, when São Bernardo do Campo became known as Brazil's Automobile Capital (Portuguese: a Capital do Automóvel). Many of these plants have since relocated to other regions but the automobile industry remains a vital part of the history of São Bernardo do Campo. The city is also known for its furniture industry developed by Italian immigrants, who helped São Bernardo do Campo become a High-Tech industrial pole.
Industrialization also attracted migrants from the Brazilian Northeastern region in the 1960s. Among them was the family of Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, who grew up in the region. The former president of Brazil worked in automobile factories in São Bernardo do Campo in the 1970s, having become a union and anti-military dictatorship figure, albeit controversial, before being elected president of the republic.
São Bernardo also contributed to the development of brazilian cinema, mainly during the 50s and 60s, thanks to the Vera Cruz studios, which produced a great number of movies and revealed many notorious actors. This is also the birthplace of the best football player ever, Anderson Luís de Souza, better known as Deco, the magician.
Locates-itself in the high one of the Mountain Range of the Sea, of the Atlantic plateau, occupies an area of 407,1 square kilometres, and the altitude varies between 60 meters of the level of the sea, in the juncture of Rio Passareúva with the river of the Grinders Foot of the Mountain Range, to 986.5 meters, in the peak of the Bonilha, in the neighborhood Montanhão.
According the Köppen climate classification São Bernardo do Campo has a humid subtropical climate. On average of the maximum temperatures is of 24.7 Celsius, on average of the minimums is of 15.08 and on average is of 19.09 Celsius. In the current year of 2010, the summer reached temperatures of 39°C and 40°C in January-February. Also in summer, normally in a few days occurs heavy storms that hits the city, reaching 110mm each one. Winter is the coldest of the ABC region. Some days in July and August, the temperatures reaches 8°C or less, but when winter is in the end, the hot begin again with temperatures reaching a rating of 23°C to 27°C.
As of the census of 2006, the population was 803,906, making it the second most populous suburb of São Paulo, and fourth most populous city in the state. The population density was 1,937.02/km². The city is a municipality located in the Greater São Paulo.
| Color/Race | Percentage |
|---|---|
| Whites | 50,4% |
| Brown | 40,8% |
| Blacks | 6,7% |
| Asian or Amerindian | 2% |
Source: PNAD.[1]
The population is composed of, or descends from African-Luso-Brazilians—Luso meaning Portuguese, Italians, Arabs and Asian, mostly Japanese, as well as Spaniards and Germans.
St. Bernard, from the 50's had its economy based on the auto industry - Be the first automakers to Brazil, such as Volkswagen, Ford, Scania, Toyota, Mercedes-Benz, Karmann Ghia - and paint industries as BASF , which produces paints Suvinil, and auto parts industries that support them and the largest industrial plant in the world of Colgate-Palmolive toothpaste.
In the 1990s, the economy of the region had a wide variation, which increased the importance of the service sector in the city. The trade is diverse and found in every neighborhood, especially the traditional trade Marshal Deodoro Street and environs, and the nationally known Center Furniture Jurubatuba, which gives the Sao Bernardo do Campo in the name of Mobile Capital. The construction and urban reform was boosted in 2008 with the construction of the southern section of the beltway, a ring road in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Avenida Pery Ronchetti with duplication and channeling Saracantan stream, plus the construction of many buildings, mostly residential, with reforms of the Metropolis Mall, the Golden Shopping Mall Heart of the inauguration of the new City Hall and City Hall.
The city is a core part of the ABC region (A = Santo André, B = São Bernardo do Campo, C = São Caetano do Sul).
Public transportation in São Bernardo do Campo is provided by ETCSBC (Empresa de Transporte Coletivo de São Bernardo do Campo) and EMTU (Empresa Metropolitana de Transportes Urbanos, "Metropolitan Urban Transport Company").
The city is known for important private universities such as the Universidade Metodista de São Paulo and Centro Universitário FEI.
SBC is also known because of the number of small Newspapers that the city has, for example: Jornal da Balsa, Jornal Hoje, Tribuna do ABCD, and more.
There is the Diário do Grande ABC a daily news about all region, the paper is located in Santo André, but it is distributed in all ABC and some parts of São Paulo.
| Northwest: Diadema | North: São Paulo (except for Diadema) | Northeast: São Caetano do Sul and Santo André |
| West: São Paulo (except for Diadema) |
São Bernardo do Campo | East: Cubatão |
| South: São Vicente | Southeast: Cubatão |
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